Cress, Schechtman, Mulrow, Fiatarone, Gerety, and Buchner.  1995

--Summary score ranging from 0-100 on SIP sickness impact profile

--Gait speed; chair-stand time; maximal grip strength, and balance score

--Self perceived gait speed is a global indicator of perceived physical function; gait speed is the best predictor of self-perceived function

Greiner, Snowdon , and Greiner.  1996

--Is your ability to take care of yourself excellent, very good, good, fair or poor?

--Performance on 6 Katz ADL's

--Self-rated function has a stronger relationship to functional ability and decline than self-rated health;. self-rated function may be a better marker of global function than self-rated health.

Guralnick, Simonsick, Ferrucci, Glenn, Berkman, Blazer, Scherr, and Wallace, 1994

 --Lower body ADL trouble (yes/no)

--Summary performance scale based on

balance, timed tandem, semi-tandem, and side-by-side stands, walking speed, chair stand

--There is a strong association b/w performance measures of lower extremity function and self-reported disability but performance measures contribute more information than self-report; discordance was found for walking assessments

Hoeymans, Feskens, Kromhout, and Van Den Bos, 1997

--Hierarchical disability scales based on IADLs, BADLs and mobility items measures four categories:  not disabled, disabled in IADL only, disabled in mobility and IADL and disabled in BADL, mobility and IADLs

--Standing balance, walking speed, chair stand and external shoulder rotation

--Men w/IADL disabilities had no different health ratings than men w/o disabilities; Functional limitations have a small but sig. effect on self-rated health when disabilities are accounted for

Kelly-Hayes, Jette, Wolf, D'Agostino, and Odell.  1992

--6 Katz ADL items; uses 4 categories of ability to perform for each measure

--Same Katz ADL items measured in previous column

--Persons w/restrictions rarely rate disability below their functional limitations; self-reports do not underestimate level of disability

Kempen, Gertrudis, Steverink, Ormel and Deeg. 1996

--11 Self-Report ADL Items form subscale ranging from 11-44 w/4 response categories:  yes, I can do it (1) w/o difficulty, (2) w/some difficulty, (3)w/great difficulty, (4) only with someones help

--Putting on & taking off jacket, walking, and standing up from chair and sitting 5 times without arms

--Relationship between self-report and performance-based measures of ADL is not strong; subjects w/low levels of perceived physical competence & mastery and higher levels of depressive symptoms report lower levels of ADL ability compared to their performance-based ADL

Langlois, Maggi, Harris, Simonsick, Ferrucci, Pavan, Sartori, and Enzi,  1996

--5 Katz ADLs ;

Rosow-Breslau index; 5 IADL's  are used to generate 4 categories of disabilitynone, mild, moderate, and strong

--Standing from chair, returning to seated position, side-by-side stands; standing with eyes closed; walking; picking up pencil, raising hands above head, external shoulder rotation

--Self reported disability identifies older persons with physical disability not determined by self-report of need for help

Myers, Holliday, Harvey, and Hutchinsons.  1993

--14  IADLs

--14 IADLs l in the previous column

--Performance measures are not superior or preferred by respondents

Reuben, Valle, Hays, and Siu.  1995

--OARS scale measuring IADL function, Katz ADLs;  Scores  for both are reported as two sums of the number of items performed independently;

FSQ containing BADL's and IADLs, scores range from 0-100

--Physical Performance Test (PPT) including ability to write, eat, lift a book, put on jacket, pick up penny, turn 360 degrees and walk

--Relationship between self-administered, interview administered and performance-based measures are weak; instruments probably measure different constructs

Reuben, Siu, and Kimpau.  1992

--Katz, Spector, and Rosow-Breslau scale

--Tinetti Gait scores and PPT

--Both performance based and self-report measures of functional ability are independent predictors of mortality

Rozzini, Frisoni, Bainchetti, Zanetti and Trabucchi.  1993

--BADL (Katz scale and Lawton and Brody scales) and 8 IADL items; disability classification is independent, dependent in 1 function, dependent in 2 or more functions

--7 item version of the PPT

--Chronic disease affects functional status in a way insensitive to BADL and IADL measures. Performance-based measures, capture impairment before functional loss emerges

Sager, Dunham, Schwantes,  Mecum, Halverson and Harlowe.  1992

--Modified Katz ADL scale measuring number of reported problems 0-5

--Modified Katz ADL items in previous column

--There are significant differences in patients assessment and performance based measurement of ADL function in hospitalized elderly

Sinoff and Ore.   1997

--10 item Barthel Index ADL scale ranging from 0-100

--Same 10 item Barthel Index in previous column

--Self-report scores are more optimistic that performance based measures; self-assessed ADLs may have limitations in diagnosing the old-old

Self-reported Mobility

(can walk across a small room)

Completed Walk

98.14%

1.85%

.01%

100%

Timed  Walk

Could not Complete Walk

183

63.10%

  107

36.89%

  3

.01%

  293

100%

Missing

218

67.70%

100

31.06%

  4

1.24%

322

100%